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2021-08-24
羿清环保石化污水站除臭组合式工艺的应用分析
由于各工业企业生产的产品不同,污水站除臭的来源也不同,废气具有气量大,污染物浓度低,成分复杂等特点。挥发性恶臭气体根据污水处理工艺的不同,挥发恶臭气体的组成也有所不同,恶臭物质主要有:氨气、硫化氢及各种挥发性有机物等。
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羿清环保石化污水站除臭组合式工艺的应用分析
Date﹕2021-08-24|Source:Eclear Environmental

1臭气成分。

由于各工业企业生产的产品不同,石化水站除臭的来源也不同,废气具有气量大,污染物浓度低,成分复杂等特点。挥发性恶臭气体根据污水处理工艺的不同,挥发恶臭气体的组成也有所不同,恶臭物质主要有:氨气、硫化氢及各种挥发性有机物等。

羿清环保承接的一个大型石油化工污水站于2018年生产了一套生物滤池装置,并于2019年检测到该装置的出口排放废气。该装置的出口指标和去除率符合《空气污染物综合排放标准》(GB16297-1996)和《臭气污染物排放标准》(GB1454-93)的排放要求。使用一段时间后,各指标的去除效率下降,到2020年不能实时满足国家有关部门颁布的新标准《石油炼制工业污染物排放标准》(GB31570-2015)和《恶臭污染物排放标准》(征求意见稿)。因此,需要在现有处理设施后新增处理设施进行提标改造。原废气处理设计规模为80000m3/h。提标改造工业流程如图所示。

石化污水除臭提标改造流程

收集系统收集的恶臭气体通过生物滤池,恶臭气体通过填充层流动,被附着在填充层表面的生物膜分解吸收。同时不断的向内部喷淋营养液,维持微生物生长所需要的温度、湿度和营养物质。经过生物滤池预洗处理后,进入生物过滤装置,气体通过内部填充层,气体中的恶臭分子在有机填充表面被生物膜分解,有机填充剂可以提供微生物生长所需的营养物质。最后,通过活性炭吸附设备,利用活性炭的多孔结构吸附气体中的恶臭物质,达到除臭的目的。处理后的废气接入原有烟囱排放。

2除臭效果

2021年新增除臭设施投产后,处理后的废气指标符合《炼油工业污染物排放标准》(GB31570-2015)和《臭气污染物排放标准》(征求意见稿),通过40米高的排气管排放。

3结论

从以上检测结果可以看出,经组合除臭工艺处理,除臭效果明显提高;除臭稳定性高;处理后的废气指标完全符合有关排放标准规定的排放限值。对于污水站除臭挥发的成分复杂、浓度高的臭气,与单一除臭工艺相比,组合除臭工艺具有较高的除臭效率和较好的除臭稳定性。不同的除臭技术利用自己的除臭优势,分别处理臭气的不同成分,具有更强的抗冲击性。组合式除臭技术的设计构想可以利用现有的除臭收集设施、处理设施,分析现有处理设施的优缺点,根据臭气的实际情况,选择最合适、最优化的后续处理技术和设施,降低标准改造的一次投资成本,提高除臭效率和运行稳定性

石化污水站除臭生物滤池

伴随着环境保护产业的发展,恶臭物质排放标准不断提高,原石化污水站除臭配套设施已不能满足国家有关部门颁布的新排放标准,需要进行提标改造。原污水站除臭设施后,增加其他处理工艺进行组合除臭,可将各种除臭工艺取长补短,达到较高的除臭效果和较低的排放浓度。组合式除臭技术在现有污水处理厂的除臭改造中有很大的发挥空间,需要仔细研究各除臭技术的优缺点,融合互补,达到最佳除臭效果。


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