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2021-12-26
如何优选生物滤池的工艺填料呢?
生物滤池是城市生活垃圾处理厂处理恶臭气体的主要设备,工艺填料的种类是影响其性能的重要因素之一。通过堆肥发酵作为生物滤池的除臭填料,可以在一定程度上实现资源回收。
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如何优选生物滤池的工艺填料呢?
Date﹕2021-12-26|Source:Eclear Environmental

生物滤池是城市生活垃圾处理厂处理恶臭气体的主要设备,工艺填料的种类是影响其性能的重要因素之一。通过堆肥发酵作为生物滤池的除臭填料,可以在一定程度上实现资源回收。

 

用合成甲苯、甲硫醇、氨气、硫化氢4种恶臭气体,经柱式试验,经7d二次发酵,采用20d、成品肥作为填料,将3种腐熟期垃圾发酵物作为生物滤料,脱臭前后,研究成品肥填料的微生物群落演替过程,并考察了其理化性质的变化。


224生物滤池12.15

 

结果表明,不同填料对氨、H2S、甲苯、甲硫醇的平均去除率均在95%以上,成品堆肥对恶臭气体的去除速率和微生物富集程度最高。

 

在成熟阶段,具有除臭味功能的菌属为优势种的稳定的微生物群落,在成熟期的肥菌群落中有较高的同源系数。通过比较各种填料对恶臭气体去除率、物理化学性质、微生物群落的变化,得出成品肥对恶臭气体处理效果最好,物理化学性质稳定,并且含有除臭功能的微生物,可以作为生活垃圾处理厂除臭填料优选。

 

该方法具有无害化程度高、减量化效果明显、处理费用低等优点,因此被广泛使用。然而,生活垃圾处理厂在堆肥过程中会产生各种恶臭气体,严重污染工厂及周围的大气环境,恶臭气体对人类健康构成极大威胁。

 

氨、硫化氢、甲硫醇、畜牧、石化、炼油、堆肥等工艺中常见的典型恶臭气体,他们的处理技术已经成为国内外学者研究的热点。研究发现,在实际工业生产过程中,甲苯是挥发性有机物的主要有害物质,甲苯对环境有较大危害。

 

尽管目前对堆肥填料品种选择做了大量的研究工作,但针对不同腐度堆肥作填料的研究很少。在生物过滤除臭过程中,填料形态、温度、湿度等物理化学性质的变化,会引起生物滤池除臭中微生物种类、数量的变化。

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