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2021-12-25
污水处理厂中的生物除臭方式
由于污水处理站等厂址并非完全处于城市边缘,而是越来越靠近居民小区,对污水运输和处理过程中散发出的臭气如何处理,已引起人们的高度重视。对此,我们将对污水处理生物除臭工艺及设计中存在的问题进行探讨。
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污水处理厂中的生物除臭方式
Date﹕2021-12-25|Source:Eclear Environmental

由于污水处理等厂址并非完全处于城市边缘,而是越来越靠近居民小区,对污水运输和处理过程中散发出的臭气如何处理,已引起人们的高度重视。对此,我们将对污水处理生物除臭工艺及设计中存在的问题进行探讨。

 

处理废水时,一般要经过井口、栅井口、泵站集水池、沉砂池、负荷曝气池、二沉池、生活污泥贮存、机械污泥脱水、热预处理污泥等处理工段。污水处理工段产生的臭气一般可以分为两类,一类是直接由污水挥发出的臭气,如排放到下水管道中的生活污水、工业废水中的异味物质和某些可溶性、挥发性有机物。另外一种是新的易挥发、可分解的物质在污水中混合之后产生。

  生物除臭塔的原理

生物除臭常用的方法是利用微生物体内酶的催化作用,将臭气中的物质进行氧化分解,最终转变成稳定的无机物,从而达到净化的目的。

 

它的生产过程分为三个阶段:一是使恶臭污染物与水接触;分子或离子,使其溶解在水形成溶液中;第二阶段通过微生物吸附,这种吸附使溶液中恶臭物质由水溶液转移至微生物体内;第三阶段是进入微生物细胞的有机物质;在每一细胞内酶的催化作用下,将有机物氧化分解;新的微生物细胞同时代谢产生。这种技术,例如生物滤池,即把臭气通过专门培养在生物滤池中的生物填料上的微生物膜来去除臭气分子。生化脱臭技术应用较多,其它还有生物滤床、植物提取液脱臭、生物滴滤塔等。

 

与此同时,气体收集设计要考虑安全性、膜材的使用等问题。由于区域、工艺的不同,臭气浓度也不同。但由于生物除臭工艺涉及到气、固、液、液等物质的降解过程,其影响因素比较复杂,现有的相关理论在实际应用中还不够深入,有待于进一步的研究和科学探讨。


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