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2021-09-20
生物除臭塔工作原理及分解恶臭成分的化学反应式
臭气通过生物除臭塔,其中的臭气成分被填料捕获,生长在填料上的微生物作为食物分解,最终成为二氧化碳、水、硫酸、硝酸等稳定的无机物,排入液相。
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生物除臭塔工作原理及分解恶臭成分的化学反应式
Date﹕2021-09-20|Source:Eclear Environmental


生物除臭塔

生物除臭采用塔形式,下层为排气空间(小阻力排气),中间为填料层,上层为气体收集空间,也为洒水空间。臭气通过生物除臭塔,其中的臭气成分被填料捕获,生长在填料上的微生物作为食物分解,然后成为二氧化碳、水、硫酸、硝酸等稳定的无机物,排入液相。随着散水的进行,除臭系统被排出。整个系统的需水选用市政自来水,除臭微生物所需要的营养元素除了臭气成分来自于气相,其他的微量元素从散水中获得,其步骤如下:

a.恶臭气体接触到受散水而湿润的生物填料表面的水膜而溶解。

b.溶解于水中的恶臭成分被栖息于生物填料上的微生物吸收分解。

c.吸收的恶臭成分也被微生物吸收、氧化、分解和利用。


其微生物分解恶臭成分的化学反应式为

硫化氢H2S+202→H2SO4;

b.甲硫醇2CH3SH+7O2→2H2SO4+2CO2+2H2O;

c.硫化醇(CH3)2S+5O2→H2SO4+2CO2+2H2O;

d.二甲二硫2(CH3)2S2+13O2→4H2SO4+4CO2+2H2O;

e.氨NH3+2O2→HNO3+H2O;

f.三甲胺2(CH3)3N+13O2→2HNO3+6CO2+8H2O。

从上述反应来看,臭气成分会分解成二氧化碳、水、硫酸、硝酸等酸性物质。适当的散水可以冲走这些酸性物质,保持适当的微生物生长环境。

生物除臭”技术的特点:

水的吸收效率高。由于溶解在水中的恶臭成分可以同时被生物填料和生物膜吸附,水相气味浓度总是很低,类似于化学吸收,相间平衡驱动力大,吸收效率高。

2)生物降解速度快。生物降解速度与臭气浓度成正比,普通生物除臭主要依靠生物吸附,生物和生物填料共同吸附,生物密度高,降解速率相应加快。

3)恶臭气体净化彻底。恶臭成份复杂需要多种微生物参与降解。生物填料与微生物相容性好,有利于各种微生物的生长,能形成丰富的生物群落生物膜,同时有效去除各种臭气成分。

4)抗负荷波动能力强。恶臭气体浓度变化较大,负荷波动较大。由于生物填料的吸附性能,可以缓冲调节水相浓度。提高了系统适应负荷波动的能力。

5)稳定运行周期长。

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