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2021-08-22
污水处理厂除臭设备的发展方向
污水处理厂除臭总体上可分为分区处理、源头减排、封闭管理、工艺组合等措施
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污水处理厂除臭设备的发展方向
Date﹕2021-08-22|Source:Eclear Environmental

除臭设备作为污水处理厂的一部分,是未来污水处理厂的必备处理设施,追求占地面积、除臭成本、能耗和污染物排放更少。根据我国除臭设备技术的应用现状,结合污水处理厂除臭的发展方向,提出了以下几点。

污水处理厂除臭总体上可分为分区处理、源头减排、封闭管理、工艺组合等措施

污水处理厂除臭设备

(1)分区处理

当污水处理厂空气量大时,根据污水处理厂的结构布局和结构周围恶臭气体的特点,选择除臭工艺来处理污水处理厂的恶臭污染。污水处理厂除臭总体上可分为预处理区域、生物处理区域和污泥处理区域。对于预处理区域的污泥处理区域,臭污染物浓度高,难以处理,采用离子除臭+生物滤池等组合技术。此外,预处理区域和污泥处理区域根据构筑物的恶臭气体中恶臭污染物浓度和工人工作频率进一步细分,将离子除臭等前端预处理工艺设备放置在恶臭污染物浓度高和工人工作频率高的构筑物中。对于生物处理区域,恶臭污染物浓度较低,采用生物滤池等单级工艺。分区治理可以使所有除臭单元发挥其最大有效运行负荷,减少多余的处理单元,从而降低除臭能耗、除臭反应器占地面积和除臭成本。

(2)源头减排

将源头减排工艺与末端末端管理技术,即全过程除臭技术和生物滤池法等末端生物法除臭技术同时应用于污水处理厂。全过程除臭技术降低了入口污水中恶臭污染物的浓度,在预处理段由于起泡等机械力的作用直接排入空气的恶臭污染物量显着减少,恶臭气体的收集和运输成本、末端处理气体量和处理负荷降低。生物滤池等末端生物法除臭技术可以进一步降低污水处理厂附近环境中的恶臭气体污染物浓度,使污水处理厂中的恶臭污染对环境的影响最小化。

(3)封闭处理

将更多具有良好分离性能的封闭化学分离装置用于污水处理厂的分离过程,而不是具有开放分离功能的结构。举例来说,封闭式沸腾床分离器和形状聚代替曝气沉砂池,密闭式旋流分离器和沸腾床分离器代替污泥浓缩池,分离中的恶臭气体通过分离装置与管道直接连接进入末端恶臭气体生物法处理装置,减少盖子的工作量,降低除臭成本。

(4)工艺组合

末端除臭设备仍以化学洗涤除臭、离子除臭和生物滤池除臭为主,但需改进填料、布气、布水方向的设计和喷淋液的组成/方式,以提高生物法除臭反应器的除臭能力、运行稳定性和抗冲击负荷能力。当臭气中的臭气污染物具有难降解有机物浓度高的特点时,可以采用臭氧氧化、等离子等技术预处理臭气污染物,使其更容易被生物降解。


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