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2021-08-26
微生物在污水厂除臭中的研究与应用
在污水厂除臭过程中,主要采用收集后集中处理臭气的方法,即密封每个处理单元,通过管道将臭气集中输送到处理系统,然后根据臭气的成分和浓度选择合适的除臭方法进行处理。生物过滤和生物滴滤是污水处理厂现阶段广泛使用的生物除臭技术
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微生物在污水厂除臭中的研究与应用
Date﹕2021-08-26|Source:Eclear Environmental

臭气污染的一个重要来源是污水处理。类似于垃圾处理,随着城市化进程的加快,我国城市污水处理规模不断扩大,据《住房和城乡建设部关于2017年第四季度城市污水处理设施建设和运行情况的通知》显示,截至2017年12月底,全国城市已建成运行污水处理厂4100多个,城市污水厂除臭的问题也逐渐暴露出来。

污水厂除臭生物滤池设备

利用微生物原位处理污水污水可以从源头上解决臭气排放问题,大大降低臭气异位处理的成本,但现阶段使用微生物(菌剂)处理污水更注重菌剂后出水水质和污泥减量的效果,而减少臭气排放更具附带效果。

污水处理过程中恶臭气体的来源主要包括两个方面:

(1)直接从污水中挥发的气体,如工业废水和其他废水中含有的有机溶剂、衍生物和其他挥发性臭气成分;

(2)微生物菌群通过生化反应降解污水中的有机物,是餐饮污水和畜禽养殖污水恶臭的主要原因。

目前,在污水除臭过程中,主要采用收集后集中处理臭气的方法,即密封每个处理单元,通过管道将臭气集中输送到处理系统,然后根据臭气的成分和浓度选择合适的除臭方法进行处理。生物过滤和生物滴滤是污水处理厂现阶段广泛使用的生物除臭技术。

因此,采用生物滤池技术等臭气异位处理技术仍然是目前污水除臭气问题的主要方法。然而,污水处理厂的不同污水处理技术(如间歇活性污泥法、SBR技术、厌氧-缺氧-好氧生物脱氮除磷技术、A2/O技术、吸附-生物降解技术、AB技术等)。)、不同的污水处理单元(如格栅、沉砂池、生物反应池、污泥处理单元等。)以及不同的污水来源(如生活污水、水产养殖污水、工业废水等)。)。)可以导致污水处理厂的臭气组成和含量大不相同,这也对生物过滤器等臭气异位处理技术的性能提出了严峻的挑战。

当然,污水除臭最重要的是从源头上减少臭气的产生。换句话说,用微生物处理污水,从污水中去除各种形式的氮和硫,从而减少臭气的排放。筛选适合污水处理的微生物是目前非常活跃的研究领域,其中污水生物脱氮的研究是该领域的热点。


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